Capitalizations Index – B ∞/21M
bitcoin mining validates transactions and secures the network by solving cryptographic puzzles. Miners bundle transactions into blocks, earn rewards, and uphold blockchain consensus via proof-of-work.
bitcoin’s value stems from trust in cryptographic consensus, enforced scarcity with a 21-million cap, and decentralized governance that resists censorship and centralized control, enabling global digital money.
Proof of Work is a cryptographic consensus where miners solve computational puzzles to validate bitcoin transactions. It secures the ledger by making tampering costly and ensuring network agreement.
Learn how bitcoin block rewards create new BTC for miners, combining fresh coin issuance and transaction fees. Understand halvings, incentives, and how rewards secure the network.
bitcoin hashes are fixed-size cryptographic outputs that uniquely represent transaction data. They ensure integrity, enable block linking, and secure proof-of-work by making alterations computationally infeasible.
bitcoin halving is a scheduled event that halves mining rewards about every four years, cutting new BTC issuance, curbing inflationary supply and often affecting market dynamics and miner incentives.
bitcoin miners verify transactions by solving cryptographic puzzles: they repeatedly hash block data until finding a nonce that meets the difficulty target. The first valid solution earns rewards and confirms the block.
bitcoin transaction fees are payments users attach to transfers to incentivize miners to include their transactions in blocks. Fees rise with network demand and limited block space; higher fees yield faster confirmations.
bitcoin cannot be counterfeited: cryptographic keys, digital signatures and decentralized consensus ensure every coin’s history is verifiable, immutable, and protected by computational proof.
bitcoin transactions typically take about 10 minutes to confirm on average, matching the network’s block time. Actual speed varies with network congestion and fees; higher fees yield faster confirmations.