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Debunked: Top European Central Bank Official’s False Arguments Against Bitcoin

Debunked: top european central bank official’s false arguments against bitcoin

Debunked: Top European Central Bank Official’s False Arguments Against Bitcoin


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Benoît Cœuré, a member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank, condemned bitcoin (BTC), describing it a bubble, ponzi scheme, and an environmental disaster.

“Lightning may strike me for saying this in the Tower of Basel — but bitcoin was an extremely clever idea. Sadly, not every clever idea is a good idea. I believe that Agustín Carstens summed its manifold problems up well when he said that bitcoin is ‘a combination of a bubble, a Ponzi scheme and an environmental disaster,’” Cœuré said, at the Economics of Payments IX Conference

Argument 1: bitcoin is a Bubble

Since 2009, BTC has experienced four major corrections, recording a drop in the range of 70 to 80 percent.

The definition of a bubble in finance is established as an economic cycle “characterized by the rapid escalation of asset prices followed by a contraction,” which occurs when investors are simply not willing to buy the asset at an elevated price and triggers a sell-off.

bitcoin suffered four massive drops in its price throughout its nine-year history. But, subsequent to every 70 to 80 percent decline in value, the price of BTC recovered to a higher point. Hence, while BTC was considered a bubble at $100 and investors were not willing to purchase the asset at that valuation, the market recovered beyond that point as time passed, achieving $10,000, $10,000, and $20,000.

There were bubbles in bitcoin and there will continue to be bubble-like behavior in the crypto market in the months to come. But, characterizing bitcoin, a decentralized finance network that is widely utilized as a consensus currency and a store of value, as a bubble is incorrect.

Every market goes through a bubble but as it pops, the market endures a correction and revives. As security expert and cryptocurrency researcher Andreas Antonopoulos said, the bigger financial bubbles are in traditional markets like stocks and bonds.

bitcoin grows by bubbles. bitcoin’s bubble is also the least dangerous, least systemic, and yet most talked about bubble. The bigger and scarier bubbles are in stocks, bonds, national debt, real estate, student loans, healthcare, etc. All of these bubbles are driven by anemic productivity growth in the context of massive stimulus and negative interest rates; money is cheap and there are no good investments that are not already inflated into bubbles,” Antonopoulos said.

This week, the Federal Reserve Bank of New York reported that outstanding student loan debt in the U.S. increased by $37 billion in the third quarter and stood at $1.44 trillion as of September 30, 2018.

Argument 2: bitcoin is a Ponzi Scheme

The weakest argument against bitcoin is falsely describing it as a ponzi scheme. A ponzi scheme is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors by using funds obtained from new investors.

bitcoin is a decentralized protocol and no central entity or individual has control over the network. It is technically not possible for anyone or any organization within the network to provide early investors with any additional compensation by taking away funds from new investors, because no individual or organization has the power or authority to remove funds from wallets. bitcoin is a consensus currency, as former Goldman Sachs CEO Lloyd Blankfein said.

Argument 3: bitcoin is Killing the Environment

bitcoin’s impact on the global environment fails to consider many variables such as the growing amount of clean energy, increasing efficiency of cryptocurrency mining, and changes in the ecosystem.

As Andreas Antonopoulos put it:

“Extrapolation for dummies: ‘I am concerned about the progression of your pregnancy madam. If your belly is this big at 8 months, in 2 years you will be as big as this room.’”

All three arguments outlined by Benoît Cœuré against bitcoin have already been addressed many times in the past and are weak to justify an opposing stance towards cryptocurrencies as consensus currencies.

Feartured image from Shutterstock.

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Published at Sat, 17 Nov 2018 15:35:45 +0000

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The Moonbeam Scaling Network: A “Semi-Decentralized” Scaling Solution

Moonbeam scaling solution

bitcoin exchange and hosted wallet provider Luno (formerly BitX) is developing a bitcoin scaling solution called Moonbeam. Unlike the lightning network, Moonbeam does not require SegWit’s transaction malleability fix and would be able to operate on the bitcoin network as it is today.

Moonbeam  aims to provide a way for multi-user bitcoin platforms — such as exchanges, hosted wallets, and payment processors — to easily open standardized one-way payment channels with each other, and thereby offload the bitcoin network from a growing number of transactions.

How Does it Work?

Moonbeam aims to take advantage of the fact that many bitcoin transactions occur among multi-user platforms. Using Moonbeam, these platforms can open standardized one-way payment channel contracts with one another to facilitate payments. By taking these transactions off-chain, Moonbeam can reduce transaction fees for those who use it and benefit bitcoin users generally by reducing congestion in the mempool.

These channels are simple smart contracts in which one party locks up a certain amount of bitcoins for a specified period of time (with the end point referred to as the “timeout”) for the purpose of sending payments to the other party. Before the timeout, the party that has locked up funds can send an unlimited number of off-chain transactions using those locked up bitcoins (until the channel runs out of bitcoins). Each channel involves only two on-chain transactions: one to open the channel and one to close it.

Because these intermediate transactions are off-chain, they are nearly instant. Without the need for a blockchain confirmation, the transactions only take as long as it takes to route an http request (think: loading a simple web page). These transactions would also be cheap. Only two transactions per channel require miner fees, and the rest are essentially free to the platform, though the platform could charge fees to its users.

The one-way payment channels used by Moonbeam are not a new invention. bitcoin inventor Satoshi Nakamoto embedded preliminary code for payment channels in the very first release of bitcoin, and more recent protocol upgrades like CheckLockTimeVerify have further enabled this usecase. bitcoin platforms could negotiate and implement these smart contracts on the blockchain today.

What Moonbeam aims to do is facilitate the creation of these channels between major payment platforms by using the Domain Name System (DNS) to route communications related to creating and using these channels. This way, high volume platforms can easily discover one another and enter into a payment channel smart contact using the standardized Moonbeam terms. Using the Moonbeam protocol, this process can happen automatically when it is more efficient to open a channel than sending payments on-chain.

Trust

The Moonbeam project overview indicates that it is “semi-decentralized.” It is labeled as such because while the Moonbeam network does not require platforms to trust one another, it does require users to trust their platforms. A hosted wallet with a Moonbeam address is a custodial account, where the platform is managing the funds, and credits and debits user accounts accordingly as users send and receive transactions. Exchanges such as Coinbase operate in this manner; users do not directly control their private keys. Moonbeam can be a useful tool for these services, but it will likely not be a suitable scaling solution for users who prefer to manage their own private keys.

Other Downsides

The Moonbeam specification document also mentions several other potential downsides. Among them is the cost of capital. In order to open these channels, sending platforms must commit capital in the form of bitcoin for a period of time. If the receiver does not use the channel, the sending platform must wait until timeout to regain control of the funds, entailing potentially large financing costs.

Another risk involves the use of DNS. DNS hijacking is an attack that involves rerouting domain name requests to an attacker’s server. These attacks could be used to receive payments over new channels that were meant for the authentic server.

While Moonbeam does not offer the level of decentralization of the lightning network, the fact that it does not require any fork to the network may may make it an attractive solution to bitcoin’s scaling troubles in the short term. It could be implemented by hosted wallet providers as soon as the project is production ready.

The current state of Moonbeam can be found on the project’s Github.

Luno was not available for comment for this article.

The post The Moonbeam Scaling Network: A “Semi-Decentralized” Scaling Solution appeared first on Bitcoin Magazine.

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